All learning paths Learn See Try Make Mark where a machine must stop What this lesson is about Draw the line a machine may not cross near a person. Write what it does at that line.
A packing arm shares a bench with a man loading boxes. The rule says it slows when people are close. What do you write?
A Write the line in distance and in speed, and say what the machine does at it. B Say it stops when anybody comes within a metre of the bench. C Paint a line on the floor, and tell the man to stay behind it.
Check my recall Why this matters A written limit is only a claim until somebody tries to break it. Isaac Sim lets that breaking happen in a simulation first. The real machine joins the test before any person stands near it.
Write a limit for one machine that still holds when a sensor fails.
A written limit is only a claim until somebody tries to break it. Isaac Sim lets that breaking happen in a simulation first. The real machine joins the test before any person stands near it.
Write the line in distance and in speed, and say what the machine does at it. The limit must hold when a sensor fails, not only when everything works. Name who may override it, and where that override is written down. Task A packing arm shares a bench with a person who loads boxes by hand.
Weak approach The arm slows down when somebody is close. Nothing says how close or how slow.
Stronger approach Below one metre the arm runs at a quarter speed. Below forty centimetres it stops. If the distance sensor goes quiet, it stops as though a person were there.
Why the stronger approach works Close and slow cannot be tested. A metre, a quarter speed and a silent sensor all can.
Try a changed situation The same team now runs a software helper that pays supplier bills without a person watching. What does its written limit have to survive?
Make something yourself Write the limit for one machine you know. Give the distance, the speed and what happens at the line. Then say what happens if a sensor fails, and who may override.
Lesson 6 of 10 on Multimodal & physical AI next Read a table without inventing a cell Part 2 ends in a work sample you can send
Read the primary or official source: Pupa et al., A Safety-Aware Kinodynamic Architecture for Human-Robot Collaboration (arXiv)